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ADHD Medications The first treatment that doctors employ to control symptoms is stimulants. They increase the levels two chemical messengers, dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. The most commonly used stimulants are the methylphenidate (branded Ritalin and Concerta) and the lisdexamfetamine (brand name Vyvanse). They reduce appetite, leading to weight loss in children. They also increase blood pressure and heart rate. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate (brand name Ritalin) is the most commonly used stimulant medication for ADHD in adults and children. It affects the quantity of certain natural substances within the brain. It is available in chewable, liquid tablet or capsule forms. The long-acting tablet and oral disintegrating tablets supply some of the medicine immediately, while the capsule that releases long-release release an ongoing dose over time. It is not recommended to consume alcohol while taking these drugs. Stimulant medicines such as methylphenidate trigger parts of the brain that are inactive in people with ADHD such as the brain regions involved with concentration. They increase concentration and help with tasks to listen, follow instructions, and paying attention. These medications help in reducing physical aggression and other forms of antisocial behavior. Studies of methylphenidate's effect on the brain have shown that it increases levels of dopamine and noradrenaline in the prefrontal cortex and the nucleus accumbens. It does not, however, bind to the serotonin transporter and therefore does not affect serotonin levels. It is believed that this mechanism of action is the reason why methylphenidate reduces symptoms of ADHD. Methylphenidate is best taken as part a comprehensive treatment program for ADHD, which includes counseling and special educational programs. It could cause unwanted side effects, like headaches and stomachaches. It is generally not recommended for women who are pregnant. However, if the benefits of the medication outweigh risks, it may be given during pregnancy. Your doctor will advise you. Methylphenidate is classified as a Schedule II classification, which means that it is highly addictive and prone to abuse. It is also a central nervous system stimulant and it can increase blood pressure and heart rate in some people. These effects can be dangerous for those with medical ailments that affect how the body reacts to blood pressure and heart rate-lowering drugs like nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (fatty liver disease) or a history of stroke or heart attack. Certain people may experience allergic reactions to methylphenidate. Inform your doctor that you suffer from allergies. He or she might be able prescribe a medication that won't trigger these reactions. Amphetamines Amphetamines are one type of psychostimulant used to treat ADHD. These drugs are effective by increasing the levels of dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin in the brain. This improves cognitive functioning and motivational behavior. They also aid in treating narcolepsy – an illness that is known as excessive sleep. Amphetamines are available in a variety of forms and can be purchased over-the counter, or by prescription from a physician. Children who do not respond to methylphenidate, the first option for treating ADHD in America is often prescribed amphetamines. Researchers conducted seven random controlled studies of amphetamines in children and adolescents suffering from ADHD (dextroamphetamine [Vyvanse] and lisdexamfetamine or mixed amphetamines salts). The results indicated that amphetamines are superior to placebo for decreasing the severity of core ADHD symptoms. Most of the studies were biased. It is difficult to determine whether the differences between amphetamines studied are genuine. The authors investigated different doses of the drug, but found no difference between immediate-release and sustained-release formulations. The authors also examined the effect of changing the amount of time the drug is taken each day. There was no difference was found. The researchers also looked into whether the combination of d'amphetamine with lamphetamine, which is the primary ingredient in Adderall, was more effective than damphetamine alone. They found that the combination was slightly more effective than d-amphetamine, but not by much. The authors concluded that the short duration of the study and the strict inclusion criteria limit their external validity. It is beneficial to conduct longitudinal RCTs with longer follow-up intervals and employ objective outcomes that cannot be affected by the failure of blinding. managing adhd without medication could also make use of multiple comparator drugs to improve the accuracy of their findings. Current guidelines recommend lisdexamfetamine or methylphenidate as a first-line treatment for adults suffering from ADHD. If these drugs don't provide enough benefits after a six-week trial, doctors can opt for standard dexamfetamine, which is broken down into d-amphetamine faster and requires it to be taken more frequently. Atomoxetine may be prescribed if dexamfetamine or lisdexamfetamine do not provide sufficient benefit to the patient. Long-acting stimulants Stimulant drugs help ease ADHD symptoms in 70% to the 80% of children and adults who take these drugs. They can decrease hyperactivity, interrupting and fidgeting behavior and other disruptive behaviors. They also enhance focus, academic performance, and social skills. Your child's doctor may use them as the first treatment, or be utilized alongside other therapies like behavioral therapy. The medication is available in liquids, pills or patches that are sprayed on the skin. When your child starts taking these medications, your healthcare provider will monitor their bodily responses in order to determine the right dosage. They'll also check for adverse reactions. Long-acting stimulants are formulated to ease symptoms throughout the day without the need for repeated doses. They contain a delayed-release component, so the medication enters the body at different times, ensuring consistent coverage for up to 8 hours. They also be less prone to abuse and diversion than short-acting stimulants. Amphétamines, also known as methylphenidates, are the two most popular classes of drugs that aid people suffering from ADHD improve attention, focus and impulsivity. The medication affects the levels of dopamine that are present in the brain. It may take a few weeks to experience the full impact of these drugs, so your doctor will probably begin with a lower dose and increase it gradually. The kind of stimulant your child is taking is based on a variety of factors, including age, weight and whether or whether your child is allergic to the medication or other substances. Tell your doctor if you child is taking any other medications, whether OTC or prescription or vitamins. Certain medications can have dangerous effects when they are combined with other substances, so your doctor needs to be aware of everything you and your child take. These medications can cause adverse effects, including sleepiness, loss of appetite and headaches. The majority of these side effects will go disappear after a few weeks or a few months, but you should contact your doctor if they aren't. In certain instances you may be able to reduce the side effects by taking the medication with food or altering the dose. Short-acting stimulants There's a high chance that medication can help whether or not your child suffers from ADHD. According to studies that range from 70% to 80% of adults with ADHD and children who are taking ADHD medications see improvements. These medications reduce symptoms like hyperactivity, fidgeting, interruptions, as well as problems staying focused or completing tasks. They have less difficulty at school and at home, and have more stable relationships. Stimulants alter the levels of chemicals that are present in your brain called norepinephrine and dopamine. They're the first treatment most doctors recommend for adults and children with ADHD. Methylphenidate, also referred to as Adderall and Ritalin are two of the most frequently prescribed stimulants. Doctors can also prescribe extended-release versions of these drugs that last from six to 16 hours. They may be taken once in the morning or given at various times throughout the day to prevent spikes and valleys in blood levels. Your child or you may need to test different medications and doses before finding the right one that helps. Some side effects include stomachaches, headaches and changes in heart rate or blood pressure. These symptoms typically occur when a new medication is first introduced or the dosage is increased. They usually go away with time as the body adjusts to the medication. While all medications have adverse effects, the majority of people don't experience them very often or even at all. Speak to your doctor right away when you or your child is experiencing a bad reaction. There are a few instances in which someone with ADHD does not require stimulant medication. This is especially true if the person has excellent coping skills or can organize his or her life so that ADHD medication is only used in special circumstances. Some people may also be prescribed nonstimulant ADHD medication, such as antidepressants like bupropion (Wellbutrin). These medications aren't FDA approved to treat ADHD however, they are used “off-label” to treat this condition. Nonstimulant drugs can cause less sedation or depression than stimulants, however they can cause adverse effects, such as insomnia or agitation.